be是一个连系动词,它有自己不同的形式 现在时:be 进行时:being 过去时:was/were 过去分词:been 它的后面必须跟形容词或名词作表语,与之构成系表结构,充当句子的谓语。 i am a student主语:i 谓语:am a student(系表结构) being是它的现在进行时态,一般不单独用,而是用于现在进行时的被动语态。(being+动词过去分词) the bike is being repaired.单车正在被修理中。 it is being finished by him这正在被他完成中。 been是它的过去分词,也不一般单独使用,而是用于现在完成时、过去完成时以及需要它的句子。 i have been here for a long time.我已经到这里有一段时间了。 至于你的问题,这与你想表达的意思有关。 你的工作是什么? what do you do? what is your job? 那么这里选用do和is有什么根据呢? 第一句里面,第二个do是指你做什么,也就是你的工作,就是一个实义动词。按中文说,what you do已经足够了。可是英语里面就不行,必须跟一个助动词,也就是do. 这里就有了一个结论:当句子中有动词时,我们就用助动词do或是does.如果没有动词时,我们就选用is或是are,也就是b“be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am, is, are, been, being, was, were. 在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(the principal verb)或助动词(the auxiliary verb). 当主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词(the linking verb), 后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语(the complement)。例如: 1. the man is a science teacher. 2. mary's new dresses are colourful. 3. i have been there before. 4. mother is in the kitchen now. 这四个都是陈述句,可以变成疑问句,方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可: 5. is the man a science teacher? 6. are mary's new dresses colourful? 7. have i been there before? 8. is mother in the kitchen now? 当“be”要在祈使句中出现时,它必须借重助动词“do”或“don't”之助,如: 9. don't be silly! 10. do be obedient! 11. don't be a fool! “be”有两种缩写法,如下: 12. he's not...../he isn't.... 13. you're not...../you aren't... 但“am + not”的缩写法只有一个: 14. i'm not. 有人用“ain't”, 但这并不是标准英语。 谈过了“be”作主动词的功能,现在看看“be”作助动词时,有些什么用法: 1.“be + 现在分词”以组成进行式时态(continuous tenses),如: 15. tony's maid is washing his new car. 16. the children are playing in the field. 17. samuel was eating when i came in. 18. we have been living here since 1959. 2.“be + 过去分词”以组成被动语态(the passive voice),如: 19. her money in the drawer was stolen. 20. a number of good jobs are taken up byforeigners. 21. david studied in * but has been trained as a language lecturer in america. 22. can all the wonderful birds be found in our bird park? 23. the disobedient boy was told to stand out- side the classroom. 24. steps are being taken to reduce traffic con- gestion during peak hours. 25. dishonest students will be immediately dealt with. 当陈述句的谓语是实义动词时,助动词do通常用于疑问句和否定句中。如: i go to school every day. 我每天上学。 do you go to school every day? 你每天都上学吗? i don”t go to school every day. 我不是每天都上学。 另外,助动词do还可用于强调句中,用于强调谓语动词。如: 将助动词do及do 的相应形式放于动词前,而动词要用原形。又如: i did tell him. 我的确告诉他了。 he does like playing football. 他的确喜欢踢球。 其余时候do作动词原形,表示做. 参考资料:zhidao.baidu.com/question/12999359.html?fr=qrl3